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Zoological Studies

Table 3 Morphometric comparison between recognized forms within mainland Southeast Asia

From: Taxonomic implications of geographical variation in Rhinolophus affinis (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) in mainland Southeast Asia

n Sex FA HB TL EL TIB HF 2MT 3MT 4MT 5MT 3D1P
Rhinolophus a. tener Holotype
1 ♂♂ 49.3 -- 23.00a 18.85 23.85 11.51 -- 37.04 38.02 39.33 14.77
Rhinolophus a. macrurus Holotype
1 ♂♂ 53.03 -- -- -- 24.76 11.60 -- 40.94 41.86 42.82 16.67
R. a. macrurus-form A
9 ♀♂ 47.8 ± 1.4 53.8 ± 1.8 23.0 ± 1.7 21.2 ± 1.6 21.9 ± 1.0 9.7 ± 0.5 39.3 ± 0.7 37.0 ± 1.0 37.7 ± 1.0 38.0 ± 1.1 14.1 ± 0.4
45.7 to 50.0 51.3 to 7.1 20.4 to 25.1 18.4 to 23.3 19.4 to 22.9 8.8 to 10.7 38.3 to 40.9 35.5 to 39.0 36.4 to 39.6 36.6 to 40.2 13.4 to 14.7
R. a. macrurus-form B
14 ♀♂ 52.6 ± 0.8 49.7 ± 1.9 24.0 ± 1.5 20.3 ± 1.0 23.2 ± 0.6 10.4 ± 0.2 42.4 ± 0.8 40.5 ± 1.0 41.6 ± 1.0 42.4 ± 0.6 15.0 ± 0.4
50.6 to 54.2 45.7 to 52.3 22.0 to 27.7 18.4 to 21.9 21.7 to 23.8 10.0 to 11.0 41.0 to 44.3 39.3 to 43.7 40.3 to 44.3 41.5 to 43.3 14.3 to 15.9
R. a. macrurus-form C
60 ♀♂ 52.2 ± 1.4 52.2 ± 2.6 25.8 ± 2.2 22.4 ± 1.3 24.9 ± 0.8 10.4 ± 0.5 42.5 ± 1.4 40.0 ± 1.3 41.2 ± 1.2 41.8 ± 1.2 15.6 ± 0.6
48.3 to 55.9 42.7 to 59.1 20.3 to 30.7 19.7 to 25.8 22.5 to 27.2 9.0 to 11.6 38.6 to 46.1 36.2 to 43.0 37.9 to 44.3 38.9 to 44.8 14.3 to 17.8
R. a. macrurus-form C-central Vietnam
18 ♀♂ 50.6 ± 1.1 52.5 ± 2.7 23.7 ± 3.2 21.2 ± 0.9 23.6 ± 0.8 10.5 ± 0.2 41.5 ± 0.9(17) 38.9 ± 1.0(17) 40.1 ± 0.9(17) 41.0 ± 1.0(17) 15.2 ± 0.6(17)
49.0 to 53.2 48.2 to 57.5 17.5 to 27.5 19.0 to 22.7 21.7 to 25.0 10.1 to 11.0 39.9 to 43.2 37.3 to 41.1 38.4 to 41.9 39.4 to 43.4 14.1 to 16.1
Rhinolophus a. superans Holotype
1 ♀♀ 50.97 -- -- 20.36 25.35 11.66 -- 39.52 40.67 41.45 15.10
R. a. superans-Thai Peninsula
66 ♀♀ 50.6 ± 1.2 51.9 ± 2.4 22.1 ± 1.6 21.6 ± 1.1 24.2 ± 0.8 10.5 ± 0.5 40.9 ± 1.1 38.4 ± 1.0 39.4 ± 1.0 40.0 ± 1.0 14.9 ± 0.6
48.3 to 52.9 46.9 to 57.8 18.8 to 25.8 18.4 to 24.4 22.4 to 26.4 8.5 to 11.6 38.5 to 44.0 35.7 to 40.3 37.1 to 42.0 38.1 to 42.3 13.7 to 16.5
n Sex 3D2P 4D1P 4D2P 5D1P 5D2P GHN GWN
Rhinolophus a. tener Holotype
1 ♂♂ 25.32 -- -- -- -- 13.8a 9.50a
Rhinolophus a. macrurus Holotype
1 ♂♂ 26.69 -- -- -- -- -- --
R. a. macrurus-form A
9 ♀♂ 24.6 ± 0.87 10.0 ± .1 14.4 ± 0.6 11.4 ± 0.4 13.4 ± 0.5 13.6 ± 0.7 10.0 ± 0.2
23.7 to 26.2 9.8 to 10.4 13.0 to 15.0 10.8 to 12.0 12.6 to 14.4 12.7 to 14.7 9.8 to 10.5
R. a. macrurus-form B
14 ♀♂ 28.1 ± 1.0 10.3 ± 0.4 17.2 ± .3 12.6 ± 0.4 14.0 ± .3 12.6 ± 0.8(13) 8.2 ± 0.4
26.5 to 29.8 9.8 to 11.3 16.7 to 18.0 12.0 to 13.4 13.5 to 14.5 11.0 to 13.8 7.5 to 9.0
R. a. macrurus-form C
60 ♀♂ 26.7 ± 1.1 10.7 ± 0.5 16.1 ± 0.8 12.2 ± 0.5 14.7 ± 0.8 13.8 ± 0.8 9.7 ± 0.5
23.5 to 29.0 9.5 to 12.1 13.8 to 17.8 10.5 to 13.8 12.7 to 16.3 11.8 to 16.1 8.3 to 11.2
R. a. macrurus-form C-central Vietnam
17 ♀♂ 27.3 ± 1.0 10.5 ± 0.6 16.4 ± 0.6 12.2 ± 0.5 14.5 ± 0.83 13.5 ± 0.9(18) 9.0 ± 0.3
25.1 to 30.0 9.7 to 11.90 15.5 to 17.6 11.5 to 13.1 13.1 to 15.8 12.0 to 15.0 8.2 to 9.7
Rhinolophus a. superans Holotype
1 ♀♀ 25.38 -- -- -- -- -- --
R. a. superans-Thai Peninsula
66 ♀♂ 25.7 ± 0.8 10.3 ± 0.5 14.9 ± 0.8 11.5 ± 0.5 13.1 ± 0.7 14.0 ± 0.9 10.0 ± 0.5(63)
23.8 to 27.7 9.2 to 11.5 11.2 to 16.3 10.6 to 12.6 9.6 to 14.6 10.4 to 15.9 8.7 to 11.0
n Sex SL CCL ZYW MAW BW BW1 ALSW AMSW IOW
Rhinolophus a. tener Holotype
1 ♂♂ 21.34 18.80 10.64 -- -- 8.83 5.56 3.72 --
Rhinolophus a. macrurus Holotype
1 ♂♂ 22.91 20.11 11.38 10.78 -- 9.44 5.60 3.71 --
R. a. macrurus-form A
9 ♀♂ 22.11 ± 0.44 19.40 ± 0.42 11.05 ± 0.25 10.30 ± 0.16 9.99 ± 0.20 9.40 ± 0.06 5.94 ± 0.17 4.10 ± 0.19 2.18 ± 0.11
21.13 to 22.53 18.46 to 19.75 10.69 to 11.51 10.04 to 10.55 9.77 to 10.38 9.27 to 9.49 5.72 to 6.20 3.90 to 4.45 1.95 to 2.32
R. a. macrurus-form B
8 ♀♂ 21.77 ± .21 19.07 ± 0.19 10.71 ± 0.24 10.14 ± 0.14 9.77 ± 0.12 9.18 ± 0.15 5.44 ± 0.11 3.78 ± 0.15 2.00 ± 0.19
21.52 to 22.08 18.85 to 19.37 10.38 to 11.14 9.97 to 10.36 9.54 to 9.95 9.01 to 9.42 5.31 to 5.66 3.63 to 4.06 1.83 to 2.42
R. a. macrurus-form C
60 ♀♂ 22.64 ± 0.38 19.94 ± 0.37 11.08 ± 0.20 10.47 ± 0.20 10.06 ± 0.16 9.41 ± 0.20 6.01 ± 0.16 4.17 ± 0.18 2.08 ± 0.17
21.47 to 23.40 18.78 to 20.64 10.53 to 11.49 9.81 to 11.15 9.54 to 10.57 9.00 to 9.85 5.63 to 6.35 3.70 to 4.72 1.70 to 2.50
R. a. macrurus-form C-central Vietnam
19 ♀♂ 22.02 ± 0.21(17) 19.34 ± 0.20(17) 11.03 ± 0.15 10.38 ± 0.15 10.03 ± 0.10 9.49 ± 0.13 5.81 ± 0.12 4.07 ± 0.10 2.20 ± 0.14
21.61 to 22.35 18.96 to 19.78 10.78 to 11.34 10.15 to 10.64 9.81 to 10.28 9.12 to 9.73 5.59 to 6.05 3.93 to 4.31 1.94 to 2.49
Rhinolophus a. superans Holotype
1 ♀♀ 22.38 19.65 11.32 10.84 -- 9.41 5.60 3.71 --
R. a. superans-Thai Peninsula
66 ♀♂ 22.51 ± 0.40 19.87 ± 0.37 11.37 ± 0.22 10.76 ± 0.18(65) 10.32 ± 0.20 9.77 ± 0.20 6.15 ± 0.19 4.26 ± 0.21 2.35 ± 0.17
21.59 to 23.27 19.08 to 20.78 10.84 to 11.91 10.39 to 11.16 9.80 to 10.67 9.27 to 10.14 5.82 to 6.72 3.76 to 4.67 2.00 to 2.81
n Sex PB CM3L C1C1W M3M3W ML CM3L CPH
Rhinolophus a. tener Holotype
1 ♂♂ 2.22 8.52 5.51 8.26 15.04 9.00 --
Rhinolophus a. macrurus Holotype
1 ♂♂ 2.42 9.01 5.77 8.76 15.92 9.67 --
R. a. macrurus-form A
9 ♀♂ 2.09 ± 0.11 8.91 ± 0.20 5.74 ± 0.37 8.36 ± .28 15.40 ± 0.35 9.3 ± 0.23 3.06 ± .09
1.94 to 2.28 8.60 to 9.20 5.27 to 6.35 7.90 to 8.74 14.81 to 15.95 8.94 to 9.65 2.95 to 3.21
R. a. macrurus-form B
8 ♀♂ 1.89 ± 0.15 8.46 ± 0.15 5.56 ± 0.19 7.78 ± 0.18 14.71 ± 0.12 8.80 ± 0.18 2.93 ± 0.06
1.70 to 2.20 8.20 to 8.69 5.26 to 5.84 7.56 to 8.03 14.57 to 14.90 8.53 to 9.06 2.83 to 3.06
R. a. macrurus-form C
60 ♀♂ 2.17 ± 0.15 8.87 ± 0.19 5.79 ± 0.18 8.06 ± 0.15 15.5 ± 0.23 9.27 ± 0.19 3.12 ± 0.15
1.89 to 2.67 8.39 to 9.22 5.22 to 6.13 7.73 to 8.48 14.80 to 15.94 8.75 to 9.67 2.52 to 3.42
R. a. macrurus-form C-central Vietnam
19 ♀♂ 2.04 ± 0.18 8.67 ± 0.11 5.74 ± 0.18 8.05 ± 0.14 15.10 ± 0.18 9.08 ± 0.11 3.03 ± 0.11(18)
1.63 to 2.52 8.45 to 8.87 5.21 to 5.99 7.77 to 8.33 14.70 to 15.50 8.87 to 9.31 2.83 to 3.29
Rhinolophus a. superans Holotype
1 ♀♀ 2.63 8.63 5.66 8.46 15.52 -- --
R. a. superans-Thai Peninsula
66 ♀♂ 2.22 ± 0.13 8.99 ± 0.19 5.78 ± 0.17(65) 8.34 ± 0.18(65) 15.51 ± 0.30(65) 9.41 ± 0.20 3.18 ± 0.14
1.89 to 2.61 8.48 to 9.38 5.23 to 6.20 7.92 to 8.86 14.79 to 16.07 9.03 to 9.82 2.87 to 3.63
  1. External and craniodental measurements are in mm; FA - forearm length; HB - head and body length; TL - tail length; EL - ear length; TIB - tibia length; HF - hind foot length; 2MT, 3MT, 4MT, 5MT - second, third, fourth, and fifth metacarpal lengths; 3D1P, 3DP2P, 4D1P, 4D2P, 5D1P, 5D2P - first and second phalanges of third, fourth, and fifth digits; GHN - great high of nose leaf; GWN - great width of nose leaf; SL - skull length; CCL - condyle-canine length; ZYW - zygomatic width; BW - braincase width; BW1 - braincase width; MAW - mastoid width; ALSW - anterior lateral swellings width; AMSW - anterior median swellings width; IOW - inter-orbital width; PB - palatal bridge; CM3L - upper tooth row length; C1C1W -anterior palatal width; M3M3W - posterior palatal width, ML - mandible length; CM3L - lower tooth row length; CPH - least height of the coronoid process. Data are displayed in mean ± standard deviation and range. Sample size is placed in parentheses when different to n. a Values based on literature.
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