Zoological Studies

Table 4 Sex and seasonal differences and interaction of sex with season in the plasma biochemistry of captive adult Mauremys mutica

From: Hematologic and plasma biochemical reference values of the yellow pond turtle Mauremys mutica and the effects of sex and season

			Seasonal differences					Sex differences			Sex × season
Analyte	Spring^a	Summer^a	Fall^a	Winter^a	F value^b	p value	Male	Female	F value	p value	F value	p value
AST (U/l)	H	-	-	-	47.805 ^c	**	H	-	11.197	0.01	nsd	nsd
LDH (IU/l)	-	-	-	-	nsd	nsd	-	H	6.556	0.01	nsd	nsd
BUN (mg/dl)	H	-	-	-	42.358	**	-	-	nsd	nsd	nsd	nsd
Calcium (mg/dl)	H	-	-	-	5.584	***	-	H	18.037	0	nsd	nsd
Phosphorus (mg/dl)	-	H	-	-	72.936	**	-	-	nsd	nsd	nsd	nsd
CK (IU/l)	-	-	-	-	nsd	nsd	H	-	20.478	0	nsd	nsd
Uric acid (mg/dl)	-	H	-	-	41.521	**	-	H	7.878	0.005	nsd	nsd
Creatinine (mg/dl)	-	H	-	-	41.603	**	-	-	nsd	nsd	nsd	nsd
Glucose (mg/dl)	H	-		L	6.954	**	-	-	nsd	nsd	nsd	nsd
Total protein (g/dl)	H	-	L	-	28.378	**	H	-	7.791	0.006	nsd	nsd
Triglyceride (mg/dl)	H	-	-	-	53.135	**	-	H	28.053	0	nsd	nsd
Cholesterol (mg/dl)	H	-	-	-	31.098	**	-	H	12.034	0.01	nsd	nsd
Sodium (mmol/l)	-	-	L	H	6.293	***	-	-	nsd	nsd	nsd	nsd
Potassium (mmol/l)	-	H	-	-	59.339	**	-	-	nsd	nsd	nsd	nsd
Chloride (mmol/l)	-	H	-	-	24.152	**	-	-	nsd	nsd	nsd	nsd

^a Means significantly higher (H) or lower (L) than for the other sex or the other seasons. ^b Two-way ANOVA (p< 0.05). ^c nsd, no significant difference. * p< 0.05; ** p< 0.005; ***p< 0.001. Abbreviations of analytes are defined in the footnotes of Table 2.

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