Figure 1

Territorial male reproductive behaviors in different operational sex ratios. (A) mean (±SE) frequency of leading, (B) mean (±SE) frequency of aggression, and (C) mean (±SE) frequency of preoviposition ejaculation. The significance (p < 0.05) of post hoc pair-wise comparisons is indicated by lowercase Greek letters (α, β, and γ) above the error bars; sharing any letter among different OSR treatments indicates that there was no significant difference.